### Metals | | **$E$** | **$\nu$** | **$\rho$** | **$F_{ty}$** | **$F_{tu}$** | **$\alpha$** | **$k$** | **$c$** | | -------------- | ---------------: | --------: | -----------------------: | ---------------: | ---------------: | ---------------: | ----------------------: | -----------------------: | | | *$\mathrm{GPa}$* | | *$\mathrm{ kg / m^{3}}$* | *$\mathrm{MPa}$* | *$\mathrm{MPa}$* | *$10^{-6}~ /°C$* | *$\mathrm{W / (m ~K)}$* | *$\mathrm{J / (kg ~K)}$* | | Al 6061 | 68 | 0.33 | 2700 | 240 | 290 | 23.6 | 167 | 896 | | Al 7075 | 71 | 0.33 | 2800 | 345 | 415 | 23.5 | 130 | 960 | | Ti‑6-4 | 110 | 0.31 | 4300 | 830 | 895 | 8.8 | 7 | 540 | | Steel 4130 | 200 | 0.32 | 7850 | 517 | 655 | 12.2 | 42.7 | 477 | | SS 300s Anneal | 200 | 0.27 | 7900 | 180 | 505 | 15.5 | 16 | 450 | | SS 300s Hard | 179 | 0.27 | 7900 | 862 | 1200 | 15.5 | 16 | 450 | | A286 Bolt | 201 | 0.31 | 7900 | 825 | 1105 | 16.2 | 12 | 460 | | Steel A36 | 200 | 0.26 | 7800 | 250 | 400 | 11.7 | 50 | 470 | | Copper | 117 | 0.34 | 8960 | 70 | 220 | 16.5 | 401 | 385 | | Brass | 100 | 0.34 | 8500 | 200 | 360 | 20.5 | 120 | 380 | | Bronze | 110 | 0.34 | 8800 | 250 | 300 | 18.0 | 60 | 377 | | Inconel 718 | 200 | 0.29 | 8200 | 1035 | 1240 | 12.3 | 12 | 420 | ### Plastics and Polymers | | **$E$** | **$\nu$** | **$\rho$** | **$F_{ty}$** | **$F_{tu}$** | **$\alpha$** | **$k$** | **$c$** | | ------------- | ---------------: | --------: | -----------------------: | ---------------: | ---------------: | ---------------: | ----------------------: | -----------------------: | | | *$\mathrm{GPa}$* | | *$\mathrm{ kg / m^{3}}$* | *$\mathrm{MPa}$* | *$\mathrm{MPa}$* | *$10^{-6}~ /°C$* | *$\mathrm{W / (m ~K)}$* | *$\mathrm{J / (kg ~K)}$* | | ABS | 2.1 | 0.35 | 1040 | 46 | 65 | 63 | 0.17 | 1350 | | Nylon 6 | 2.8 | 0.39 | 1140 | 70 | 95 | 80 | 0.25 | 1700 | | Polycarbonate | 2.3 | 0.37 | 1200 | 65 | 70 | 65 | 0.20 | 1200 | | PEEK | 3.6 | 0.40 | 1320 | 110 | 170 | 47 | 0.25 | 1430 | | PTFE | 0.5 | 0.46 | 2200 | 20 | 30 | 120 | 0.25 | 1000 | ### Ceramics, Glass, and Composites | | **$E$** | **$\nu$** | **$\rho$** | **$F_{ty}$** | **$F_{tu}$** | **$\alpha$** | **$k$** | **$c$** | | ------------ | ---------------: | --------: | -----------------------: | ---------------: | ---------------: | ---------------: | ----------------------: | -----------------------: | | | *$\mathrm{GPa}$* | | *$\mathrm{ kg / m^{3}}$* | *$\mathrm{MPa}$* | *$\mathrm{MPa}$* | *$10^{-6}~ /°C$* | *$\mathrm{W / (m ~K)}$* | *$\mathrm{J / (kg ~K)}$* | | Glass | 70 | 0.23 | 2500 | 33 | 50 | 8.5 | 1.1 | 840 | | Carbon Fiber | 250 | 0.20 | 1800 | | 4900 | −0.5 | 5. | 709 | | Kevlar 29 | 64 | | 1440 | 64 | 2860 | | | | | Kevlar 49 | 124 | | 1440 | 124 | 3650 | | | | ### Fluids | | **$\rho$** | **$c_{p}$** | **$c_{v}$** | **$\mu$** | **$k$** | **$\mathrm{Pr}$** | | ------------ | -----------------------: | -----------------------: | -----------------------: | ----------------------: | ----------------------: | ----------------: | | | *$\mathrm{ kg / m^{3}}$* | *$\mathrm{J / (kg ~K)}$* | *$\mathrm{J / (kg ~K)}$* | *$\mathrm{Pa \cdot s}$* | *$\mathrm{W / (m ~K)}$* | | | Air (20°C) | 1.2 | 1005 | 718 | 0.0000181 | 0.026 | 0.71 | | Water (20°C) | 1000 | 4182 | 4175 | 0.001 | 0.60 | 7.0 | | Oil | 900 | 2000 | 1800 | 0.1 | 0.15 | 100 | ## Grain directions ![[Pasted image 20250626162240.png|400]] ### Aluminum [[mmpds_aluminum.pdf]] #### 5052 #### 6061 ![[Pasted image 20250603133523.png|360]] ![[Pasted image 20250604105850.png|275]] #### 7075 ![[Pasted image 20250603133628.png|335]] ![[Pasted image 20250604105619.png|300]] ![[Pasted image 20250604105715.png|300]] ## Steel [[mmpds_steel.pdf]] #### 301 Stainless ![[Pasted image 20250625135645.png|335]] 316 Stainless #### 4130 Chromoly Steel A286 ## Titanium [[mmpds_titanium.pdf]] #### Ti-6Al-4V ![[Pasted image 20250625135737.png|335]]