| Difference in $\Delta G°$ | Ratio of products | | ------------------------------- | ----------------- | | 1.36 kcal/mol | 10:1 | | 2.72 kcal/mol | 100:1 | - Thermodynamically stable: strong bonds (high BDEs), low G - Kinetically stable: a high barrier to reacting - Reversible at room temperature if the reverse barrier is also accessible ![[Pasted image 20261002103108.png|356]] | ΔG‡ (kcal/mol) | Half life | | -------------- | --------- | | 15 kcal/mol | ~0.01 s | | 20 kcal/mol | ~1 min | | 23 kcal/mol | ~2 h | | 25 kcal/mol | ~3 days | $ \Delta G° = -RT \ln K_{eq} $ $\Delta G °=$ Gibbs free energy change $R =$ ideal gas constant $= 8.314 \frac{\text{J}}{K\text{ mol}}$ $T =$ temperature $[K]$ $K_{eq} = \frac{\text{products}}{\text{reactants}}$ $ \Delta G° = \Delta H° - T\Delta S° $ $\Delta H° =$ change in enthalpy $\Delta S°=$ change in entropy Under most conditions, we can approximate that $\Delta G° = \Delta H°$ **Bond Disassociation Enthalpies** can be found in tables ![[Pasted image 20260929222650.png]]