A pure substance is a system which is *uniform* and *invariable in chemical composition* Only consider the following: - Energy exchange via heat transfer - Work transfer through $PdV$ Quality factor is the ratio of vapor mass to total saturated mixture mass $x = \frac{m_{g}}{m_{f}+m_{g}}$ If you know any two intensive properties, you can solve for quality factor and everything else (State principle) $x = \frac{v-v_{f}}{v_{fg}}=\frac{u-u_{f}}{u_{fg}}=\frac{h-h_{f}}{h_{fg}}=\frac{s-s_{f}}{s_{fg}}$ ## P-V Diagram ![[P-V-phase-diagram-the-dashed-line-represent-isotherms.png|425]] ## T-V Diagram ![[Pasted image 20250517001827.png|300]] ## P-T Diagram ![[Pasted image 20250407005849.png|525]] ## T-S ![[Pasted image 20250406141948.png|525]] https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TemperatureEntropyDiagramForWater/ ## H-S ![[Pasted image 20250406141652.png|525]] https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/EnthalpyEntropyDiagramForWater/ ## Ideal Gas ![[PV-Processes.png]] ## Interpolation for dummies $y = y_\text{low} + \underbrace{ \frac{y_\text{high}-y_\text{low}}{x_{\text{high}}-x_\text{low}} }_{ \text{slope} }\cdot (x-x_{\text{low}})$